Someone gave a link to a site about Dante’s Inferno, and the first and only thing I read in it was “the nine circles of Hell.” If you went to a link defining the Commandments and it referred to the Nine Commandments I doubt you would read any further either.
“Why is this disinformation produced?” I didn’t bother to find. Have they repealed the Tenth Circle for traitors, or the First Circle, where Virtuous Pagans are not actually tortured?
That would make the title of Solzhenitsyn’s book, the First Circle, a bit off.
I don’t care. There is plenty of internet crap where they simply repeal inconvenient facts. In the Wikipedia version of Zoroaster, it declares his a false religion, that ancient Persia had no effect whatever on Jewish and Christian doctrine, and Z was absolutely sixth century BC, which Christians declare because the first record of Jewish monotheism is seventh century BC.
The BBC version of Zoroaster dates him from 1200 BC or up to a thousand years before. This would mean that Cyrus, “who did the Lord’s work” for the Jews is likely to have introduced them to monotheism in the form of Zoroastrianism.
My essential point is that one simply cannot use the internet without having “Why is this information produced?” firmly and constantly in mind.
The days of just quoting some source are over.
#1 by Peter Cottontail on 09/08/2013 - 10:22 am
Which begs the question, was there ever a time when “Quoting a source” meant anything of substance?
#2 by seapea on 09/08/2013 - 10:23 am
From what I was able to dig up on Dante’s Inferno, there are 9 circles plus 1, the “vestibule”. The river Acheron separates the vestibule from Hell proper (the 9 circles). 9 + 1 = 10.
The ninth and final circle is still reserved for traitors.
#3 by dungeoneer on 09/08/2013 - 10:27 am
According to:
The Project Gutenberg Etext of Dante’s Inferno
http://www.planolibraries.org/books/Inferno.pdf
CONTENTS
Inferno
I. The Dark Forest. The Hill of Difficulty. The Panther,
the Lion, and the Wolf. Virgil.
1
II. The Descent. Dante’s Protest and Virgil’s Appeal.
The Intercession of the Three Ladies Benedight.
2
III. The Gate of Hell. The Inefficient or Indifferent.
Pope Celestine V. The Shores of Acheron. Charon.
The Earthquake and the Swoon.
4
IV. The First Circle, Limbo: Virtuous Pagans and the Unbaptized.
The Four Poets, Homer, Horace, Ovid, and Lucan. The Noble
Castle of Philosophy.
5
V. The Second Circle: The Wanton. Minos. The Infernal Hurricane.
Francesca da Rimini.
7
VI. The Third Circle: The Gluttonous. Cerberus. The Eternal Rain.
Ciacco. Florence.
9
VII. The Fourth Circle: The Avaricious and the Prodigal.
Plutus. Fortune and her Wheel. The Fifth Circle:
The Irascible and the Sullen. Styx.
10
VIII. Phlegyas. Philippo Argenti. The Gate of the City of Dis.
11
IX. The Furies and Medusa. The Angel. The City of Dis.
The Sixth Circle: Heresiarchs.
13
X. Farinata and Cavalcante de’ Cavalcanti. Discourse on the
Knowledge of the Damned.
15
XI. The Broken Rocks. Pope Anastasius. General Description of
the Inferno and its Divisions.
16
XII. The Minotaur. The Seventh Circle: The Violent.
The River Phlegethon. The Violent against their Neighbours.
The Centaurs. Tyrants.
17
XIII. The Wood of Thorns. The Harpies. The Violent
against themselves. Suicides. Pier della Vigna.
Lano and Jacopo da Sant’ Andrea.
19
XIV. The Sand Waste and the Rain of Fire. The Violent against God.
Capaneus. The Statue of Time, and the Four Infernal Rivers.
21
XV. The Violent against Nature. Brunetto Latini.
22
XVI. Guidoguerra, Aldobrandi, and Rusticucci. Cataract of
the River of Blood.
24
XVII. Geryon. The Violent agains
t Art. Usurers. Descent into
the Abyss of Malebolge.
25
XVIII. The Eighth Circle, Malebolge: The Fraudulent and
the Malicious. The First Bolgia: Seducers and Panders.
Venedico Caccianimico. Jason. The Second Bolgia:
Flatterers. Allessio Interminelli. Thais.
27
XIX. The Third Bolgia: Simoniacs. Pope Nicholas III.
Dante’s Reproof of corrupt Prelates.
29
XX. The Fourth Bolgia: Soothsayers. Amphiaraus, Tiresias, Aruns,
Manto, Eryphylus, Michael Scott, Guido Bonatti, and Asdente.
Virgil reproaches Dante’s Pity. Mantua’s Foundation.
30
XXI. The Fifth Bolgia: Peculators. The Elder of Santa Zita.
Malacoda and other Devils.
32
XXII. Ciampolo, Friar Gomita, and Michael Zanche.
The Malabranche quarrel.
33
XXIII. Escape from the Malabranche. The Sixth Bolgia: Hypocrites.
Catalano and Loderingo. Caiaphas.
35
XXIV. The Seventh Bolgia: Thieves. Vanni Fucci. Serpents.
37
XXV. Vanni Fucci’s Punishment. Agnello Brunelleschi,
Buoso degli Abati, Puccio Sciancato, Cianfa de’ Donati,
and Guercio Cavalcanti.
38
XXVI. The Eighth Bolgia: Evil Counsellors. Ulysses and Diomed.
Ulysses’ Last Voyage.
40
XXVII. Guido da Montefeltro. His deception by Pope Boniface VIII.
42
XXVIII. The Ninth Bolgia: Schismatics. Mahomet and Ali.
Pier da Medicina, Curio, Mosca, and Bertrand de Born.
43
XXIX. Geri del Bello. The Tenth Bolgia: Alchemists.
Griffolino d’ Arezzo and Capocchino.
45
XXX. Other Falsifiers or Forgers. Gianni Schicchi, Myrrha,
Adam of Brescia, Potiphar’s Wife, and Sinon of Troy.
46
XXXI. The Giants, Nimrod, Ephialtes, and Antaeus.
Descent to Cocytus.
48
XXXII. The Ninth Circle: Traitors. The Frozen Lake of Cocytus.
First Division, Caina: Traitors to their Kindred.
Camicion de’ Pazzi. Second Division, Antenora:
Traitors to their Country. Dante questions
Bocca degli Abati. Buoso da Duera.
50
XXXIII. Count Ugolino and the Archbishop Ruggieri. The Death
of Count Ugolino’s Sons. Third Division of the Ninth Circle,
Ptolomaea: Traitors to their Friends. Friar Alberigo,
Branco d’ Oria.
51
XXXIV. Fourth Division of the Ninth Circle, the Judecca:
Traitors to their Lords and Benefactors. Lucifer,
Judas Iscariot, Brutus, and Cassius. The Chasm of Lethe.
The Ascent.
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
There is no tenth circle of hell in the original but that is irrelevant to the point of Treason being recognized as the most wicked of sins.
#4 by Bob on 09/08/2013 - 4:14 pm
Dammit, Lenux, how dare you interrupt My Majesty?
I just wrote that because I never heard anybody say “MY Majesty,” and I wanted to see how it looked.
Larry Niven’s “Inferno” is much more entertaining.